Head translation tolerant gaze tracking: a 2D mapping-based system using a single camera and light source

This manuscript tackles the challenge posed by gaze tracking configurations utilizing a single camera and a single light source, which rely on two-dimensional mappings and fail to accommodate natural movements of the user's head. In our method, we initially identify the face within the image to isolate the area surrounding the eye. Following this, the Hough transform is applied to ascertain the locations of both the pupil's center and the reflective glint. Subsequently, a mapping equation is utilized to define the correlation between the direction of the gaze and the screen's coordinates. To correct inaccuracies in gaze prediction stemming from movements of the head, we employ a series of linear formulas. These incorporate coefficients that are adjusted according to the shifts in the user's head position. Gaze monitoring is then realized through the amalgamation of data on the direction of the gaze and the movements of the head. The testing of our technique demonstrates it attains an average precision of 0.88 degrees along the x-axis and 1.08 degrees along the y-axis without the user moving their head. With head movements, the precision averages at 1.40 degrees on the x-axis and 1.59 degrees on the y-axis.