The portrayal of men and masculinity in Girish Karnad’s play ‘Yayati’

Girish Karnad’s play Yayati reinterprets conventional masculine archetypes by delving into themes of internal struggle, the weight of generational expectations, and the socio-moral complexities surrounding male identity. While firmly rooted in Indian mythology, the narrative is recontextualized through a modern existential lens, prompting a critical examination of the tenuous underpinnings of both patriarchal and filial masculinity. This article aims to analyze the shifting representations of men and masculinity within Yayati, particularly through the divergent models embodied by characters such as Yayati, Puru, and Chitralekha. By employing frameworks of hegemonic, toxic, and redemptive masculinity, the analysis uncovers how Karnad leverages mythological elements to dismantle conventional gender roles and advocate for a more reflective and responsible conception of manhood. Additionally, the study integrates a review of pertinent literary scholarship, methodological approaches, and interpretative insights. The findings indicate that Karnad’s narrative not only critiques but also humanizes the privileges and authority associated with masculinity, ultimately positing that true manhood necessitates a process of introspection and sacrifice to overcome inherited shortcomings.