Neutrophils: importance in the systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis

The review summarizes the modern scientific data concerning the neutrophils participation in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathological processes. Acting as a link between innate and adaptive immunity, they play a fundamental role in the SLE immunopathogenesis. The review considers the phenotypic diversity and functions of these granulocytes. The features of changes in the qualitative and quantitative composition of their population in SLE are shown. The disease is characterized by impaired autophagy, phagocytosis, production of reactive oxygen species and neutrophil clearance. The process of formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is of great importance. Тhe mathematical model aimed at studying its contribution to the process of SLE initiation is proposed. Changes in the functional properties of neutrophils, the NETs formation contribute to the development of thrombophilic conditions, endothelial dysfunction, damage to the vessels, kidneys, lungs, and skin. Therapeutic strategies that allow influencing the associated with the functioning of neutrophils processes have potential in terms of increasing the disease treatment effectiveness.