The Interplay: Hypothyroidism's Impact on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Background: The association between thyroid disorders and gestational diabetes mellitus has gained attention in maternal health research. Thyroid hormones, crucial for overall metabolic regulation, might play a role in insulin resistance, a key factor in GDM.Further exploration of this relationship can guide clinicians in developing targeted interventions and monitoring strategies for pregnant individuals at risk for both thyroid disorders and GDM. Methodology:This study was conducted with 100 antenatal women out of which 50 patients were with Hypothyroidism and 50 patients had normal thyroid.These patients were followed up and Oral glucose tolerance test was done as per the WHO protocol between 24-28 weeks period of gestation. Result: In our study it was observed that 12 (24%) out of 50 hypothyroid women developed GDM while 4 (8%) out of 50 normal women developed GDM, the difference being statistically significant (p value 0.029). Moreover it was seen that 8 (36%) out of 22 women with Anti-TPO Ab positivity developed GDM while 8 (10%) out of 78 women with Anti-TPO Ab negativity developed GDM, the difference being statistically significant (p value 0.032).Conclusion:This study shows a positive correlation of GDM with Hypothyroidism in pregnancy,along with a strong association with anti-TPO antibodies.