Brain atrophy and cognitive impairment in patients with end-stage renal disease: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study

End-stage renal disease is the final stage of chronic kidney disease, often complicated by abnormal brain structure and neurocognitive function. In this study, a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) measurement was used to observe the volume change of gray matter structure in ESRD patients. Patients with ESRD were found to have atrophy in the right Cerebelum_Crus1, bilateral Cerebelum_6, left Temporal_Pole_Sup, left Putamen, bilateral Calcarine (CAL), bilateral Lingual (LING), left Rolandic_Oper, left Heschl, right Cuneus, bilateral Postcentral. Furthermore, the volumes of the right Cerebelum_Crus1, bilateral CAL, left Cerebelum_6, bilateral LING were positively correlated with overall cognitive score.