Personalized-NODDI (pNODDI) discriminates between healthy and multiple sclerosis subjects

Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) is a multi-compartmental model for microstructure characterization utilising diffusion-weighted MRI. Here, a recently proposed personalized-NODDI (pNODDI) modelling technique was used to assess microstructural alterations in a cohort of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Our findings showed that pNODDI metrics were sensitive to MS pathology and could discriminate between healthy controls and MS. Furthermore, pNODDI metrics of key brain regions increased the discriminative power between the two groups. Overall, pNODDI provides a personalized and clinically feasible model for microstructure, increasing sensitivity to pathological alterations.