Cortical thickness related to future score on the Dementia Questionnaire for People with Learning Disabilities in adults with Down syndrome

Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition that is associated with early onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Individuals with DS show changes in neuroanatomy, including regional increases in cortical thickness. Here, we assess cortical thickness in ten non-demented adults with DS. We focus on regions that show cortical thinning in AD and relate cortical thickness to scores on a measure of dementia. We find that regional thickness measures are related to the 4.6 year change in a measure of dementia, suggesting that the magnitude of early DS-related neuroanatomical differences may relate to aspects of dementia onset.