To better understand synergistic effects of antiretroviral drugs (ARV) and nicotine on neuroimmune functions, we observed drug-associated metabolites in mice utilizing CEST MRI and MRS. Increased CEST signal was found at 3.5 ppm suggesting increased glutamate in mice treated with nicotine. MRS results showed increased myo-inositol in both ARV and nicotine treated mice. glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter and myo-inositol is a biomarker of glial activation. The imaging results suggested elevated neuronal activation and neuroimmune dysfunction.
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Gauthier et al. (2024) studied this question.
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