Treatment response prediction of major depressive disorder using brain magnetic resonance imaging

We performed a meta-analysis by including published studies using machine learning for unrestricted modalities and interventions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to predict the effectiveness of treatment for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The results showed that the resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) had higher predictive performance in the modality subgroups, suggesting brain rs-fMRI may have an advantage in prediction performance. Using machine-learning analysis to predict treatment effectiveness is promising, but should not yet be implemented into clinical practice.