MRI Radiomics Signature to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy in locally advanced Rectal Cancer

To develop and validate clinical-radiomics models for predicting lymph node metastasis following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer .83 patients were retrospectively enrolled.pre-,post- and delta radiomics signatures of T2WI and ADC images were constructed by support vector machine model. These models were applied to predict LNM and 5-year disease-free survival. The clinical-deltaADC radiomics combined model presented good performance for predicting post-CRT LNM in the training cohort (AUC=0.895) and validation cohort (AUC=0.900). In ypT0-T2 stage, this model could predict 5-year RFS. Clinical-deltaADC radiomics combined model has good performance to predict LNM after nCRT and helped identify patients with poor prognosis.