Association of brain macrostructural changes and objective sleep measures in military service members after a remote mild traumatic brain injury

In this study, we quantitated the size of white matter hyperintense (WMH), enlarged perivascular space (ePVS) and diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI_ALPS) index in service members after a remote mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and associated them with objective sleep measures. There was no significant difference of the regional size of WMH, ePVS or hemispheric DTI_ALPS index between controls and mTBI. In mTBI participants, lifetime TBI/PCE events was associated amygdala-hippocampal complex ePVS load; and sleep arousal / awakening index was associated with temporal WMH load, periodic limb movement during sleep with basal ganglia WMH load.