Mathematical modeling of CO2 emission reduction of line 107 of bus rapid transit in Tehran (BRT Tajrish Square - Railway Square)

Abstract In this paper, we examine the possibility of diminishing carbon dioxide (CO₂) discharges from the Tajrish Square - Railway Square rapid bus system (Tehran BRT line 107) by eliminating the Tajrish terminal and substituting it with a conventional station. Decreasing the generation and release of CO₂ is a crucial goal of urban administration and environmental preservation. Rapid buses, being one of the most utilized modes of public transportation in Tehran, generate a significant quantity of CO₂. Consequently, it is crucial to explore measures that can decrease the production and emission of CO₂ from this system. In this research, the main question is what impact removing one of the terminals of Tehran BRT line 107 and replacing it with a regular station will have on reducing the production and emission of CO₂ of this system. Also, this hypothesis is raised that based on it, this action will result in a noticeable reduction in the production and emission of CO₂ of this system. The results of mathematical modeling show that this action leads to a significant reduction in time, fuel and CO₂. By doing this, 2370 minutes in time, 59.25 liters in fuel and 154.168 kilograms of CO₂ emissions will be reduced. Eliminating the Tajrish terminal can lead to improving the performance and reducing the pollution of the Tajrish Sq. - Railway Sq. rapid bus system. By eliminating this terminal, the duration of trips will decrease by 12.56% (one-eighth), diesel consumption by 2.71%, and CO₂ production by 2.71%. This improvement means increasing efficiency, reducing costs and reducing environmental damages. Therefore, it is recommended that this action be performed as soon as possible and its results be investigated on other bus lines.