Nano filtration is a membrane-based separation process which has been used to treat biologically treated wastewater from a common effluent treatment plant (CETP). A portable pilot plant capable of housing two membranes was designed and assembled for water treatment. NE 4040-70 spiral wound polyamide membrane supplied by CSM membrane technologies was used for the study. The study was carried out with the aim of providing a viable tertiary treatment for CETP’s operating in India. The primary objective of the study was removal of refractory COD while secondary objectives include removal of color and TDS. The process was optimized on the basis of influencing factors like pH, operating pressure and membrane recovery. It was observed that Nanofiltration membranes were highly successful in removing refractory COD (up to 87%). Maximum TDS removal of 65% was achieved.
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S. K. Wankhede (2024) studied this question.