Carbon-based material for CO ₂ catalytic conversion applications

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is not only a greenhouse gas but also an abundant carbon resource. CO₂ hydrogenation from electrocatalysis and thermocatalysis processes to high-value-added chemicals has attracted wide attention. The development of the catalyst was critical in the reaction, and the key is the innovation of its synthesis strategy. Carbon materials were widely employed in CO₂ hydrogenation reactions due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Carbon species could play many roles during catalyst preparation and reaction process, not only as bulk catalysts but also as structure modifiers of catalyst, support of catalyst, and electronic regulator of catalyst. In this review, we summarized the development strategy of catalysts by carbon species assisting method in our research group, which can be applied for CO₂ thermochemical and electrochemical hydrogenation. This review aims to inspire new ideas for CO₂ hydrogenation through the design of carbon-based catalysts.