Dynamic sleep strategy for gNBs in ultra-dense networks based on multilevel sleep modes and load-balancing associations

To address the dynamic characteristics of current network traffic demand, we first introduce a multilevel sleep mode for gNBs to enhance the flexibility and responsiveness of ultra-dense networks. We synthesize the global load of the network and propose a Cell association strategy based on load and energy efficiency (CALAE). We combine CALAE algorithms into the Dynamic sleep strategy based on multilevel sleep modes (DSBM) proposed in this paper. The DSBM algorithm can perform the cell association through the CALAE algorithm, and dynamically adjust the gNBs' operating state and sleep depth to minimize system power consumption and delay. The simulation results show that the DSBM algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the system power consumption and the transition delay of gNBs to meet the service demand of users.