Synthesis and Characterization of Porous Silica and Composite Films for Enhanced CO₂ Adsorption: A Circular Economy Approach

This study explores the synthesis and application of carbon-negative technology that leverage circular economy and environmentally friendly methodologies. Porous silica using plant-derived silica sources and self-assembled lignin templates were prepared, achieving an impresive surface area of up to 104.76 m2/g. Additionally, we prepared porous composite films via a freeze-drying process incorporating polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). These films demonstrated enhanced tensile properties, with a tensile strength reaching 285.72 kPa. Notably, the film surfaces engaged in a third-body tribology mechanism, which endowed them with excellent abrasion resistance and a low friction coefficient. The specific surface area of the films was measured at 20.15 m2/g, making them ideal substrates for CO₂ adsorption functionalization. The functionalized films showcased outstanding CO₂ adsorption capabilities, with a maximum uptake of 29.38 mg/g. Furthermore, they retained over 90% of their adsorption capacity after five adsorption/desorption cycles. Under high CO₂ conditions, these composite films combine the desirable attributes of both solid and liquid adsorbents—high surface area, low volatility, and adsorption stability—contributing significantly to greenhouse gas mitigation and the pursuit of carbon neutrality.