Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Management System Using Diamond Based Nanofluid and Hybrid Nanofluid Active Cooling

A robust battery thermal management system (BTMS) is crucial for the safety, reliability, and efficiency of Li-ion batteries. An efficient BTMS keeps the battery within a reasonable temperature range, improving its performance. In this research, we investigated the cooling performance of commercially available Li-ion batteries using the diamond nanofluid and the alumina-diamond hybrid nanofluid under laminar and transition flow conditions. We compared the cooling performance of nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid with a benchmark fluid, water. Initially, we performed dry tests without any cooling to investigate the battery mean surface temperature. Subsequently, we performed liquid cooling tests for a series of discharge cycles to evaluate the battery cooling performance. We found that the diamond nanofluid and alumina-diamond hybrid nanofluid outperformed water in battery cooling performance under laminar and transition flow conditions. Moreover, a reduction of up to 25.2% in the temperature increase to discharge capacity ratio (TIDCR) was achieved using nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid cooling compared to water cooling. Also, in a laminar flow regime, the battery cooling performance improved with increasing concentration of the diamond nanofluid. The results indicate that diamond based nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids are viable options for Li-ion battery cooling.