Implementation of Cold-Formed Steel Stress–Strain Relationships Using Limited Available Material Parameters

Implementation of existing stress-strain models for cold-formed steels requires the input of key material parameters determined from corner coupon tests on cold-formed portions.The present paper proposes various approaches that can accurately describe the stress-strain responses of coldformed steels by using corner material properties if known, or by using parent material properties and the corner geometry after cold-forming in the absence of corner material properties.A comprehensive database of coupon test results of cold-formed steels is firstly assembled.A total of 483 corner coupon test results with 236 full stress-strain curves are collected from 31 sources, covering a large range of steel grades with nominal yield strength varying from 235 MPa to 960 MPa.The applicability of existing empirical models for determination of the enhanced yield strength, ultimate strength and ultimate strain is carefully evaluated.New predictive expressions for the required input parameters, namely 0.01% or 0.05% proof stresses for the use of two-stage Ramberg-Osgood model, and the strain-hardening exponent for the use of one-stage material model are subsequently derived.Prediction performances of the two-stage Ramberg-Osgood model and the one-stage model are then evaluated against experimental stress-strain curves under different availability of primary material