Rationale: The interstitial pneumonia (IP) linked to vedolizumab (VDZ) in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) is rare. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can improve patient outcomes. Patient concerns: A 39-year-old man with UC who received VDZ as sole therapy developed symptoms such as chest tightness, cough, and suffocation. Diagnoses: IP was confirmed through pulmonary function tests, chest computed tomography, and bronchoscopic biopsy. Interventions: The patient was given methylprednisolone and VDZ cessation. Outcomes: The patient’s symptoms improved and remained symptom-free after nearly 2 years. Lessons: VDZ-induced IP should be considered when evaluating pulmonary infections in UC patients treated with VDZ.
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Liu et al. (2024) studied this question.
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