Hydatid Cyst of the Lung Extending to the Dorsal Vertebral Area with Intramedullary Extension: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

A case report and review of the literature on a lung cystic hydatid that reaches the dorsal vertebral area and has an intramedullary extension. Occasionally, the Echinococcus species that causes hydatid diseases can affect the spine and have significant neurological consequences. The young male patient in this case study had a hydatid lung cyst which extended into the intramedullary space and dorsal vertebral region reaching an intra dural space. The cyst had been treated with an anterolateral approach, requiring costectomy, decompression, and dorsal spine stabilization. The patient showed an important improvement after the procedure. The uniqueness and complexity of this case are highlighted by integrating a thorough literature analysis on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic difficulties, and therapy of spinal hydatid disease.