Digitization of logistics and supply chain management

The article presents theoretical and applied aspects of digitalization of logistics and supply chain management. It is emphasized that the processes of digitalization of supply chains and logistics are a modern requirement for increasing business efficiency, as well as solving environmental, social and management problems of successful companies. Digitization of supply chains and logistics is defined as the integration of digital technologies and the implementation of digital tools to optimize, automate and increase the efficiency of all stages of the logistics process. Key modern technologies in logistics and supply chains are examined, including artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT) and Big Data. The role of AI in optimizing logistics processes, forecasting market behavior, inventory management and route planning is outlined. Emphasis is placed on the importance of IoT for tracking goods, monitoring storage conditions and vehicle maintenance. The role of Big Data in optimizing supply chains, improving decision-making and compliance with regulatory requirements is analyzed. The use of digital documentation and electronic document circulation are highlighted as important areas of digitization. The difference between digitization of documents and digitalization of document circulation is revealed: digitization, or digital preservation, refers to the transfer of information from paper documents to electronic format for convenient and safe storage of files and access to them in the future; digitalization involves the creation of documentation in computer applications, its intelligent processing and analysis, its accumulation in digital repositories, and the wide use of its data to solve various problems. It is noted that one of the main directions of digitization of documents is the automated reading of documents and data entry, which is implemented using specialized software for automatically extracting information from paper documents and entering it into digital systems. The list of the main logistics documents that are subject to digitization and the digitization of which leads to an increase in the efficiency of the supply chain (delivery confirmation, bill of lading, packing lists, invoices, cargo manifest, etc.) is provided. It was concluded that digitalization of logistics is a significant factor for modern companies seeking to increase their competitiveness in the market. It also enables the integration of all company divisions, improves product tracking, speeds up customs procedures, optimizes transport costs and increases the flexibility of return management. Despite the shortcomings that accompany this process, digitalization of logistics is necessary to achieve sustainable development and effective management of supply chains in today's world.