Radiation controllable construction of multifunctional ionogel with a soft-rigid structure for high-performance ionic skin

Ionic skins (I-skins) have received tremendous attention in recent years. However, existing I-skins have problems such as a single sensing function and mechanical instability in aquatic environments. Here, we report the design of a high-performance fluorine-rich ionogel (Ionogel-VPC)-based I-skin via a facile radiation controllable strategy. The design enables two soft-rigid covalent networks with different interacting strengths to cooperate with each other, thus giving Ionogel-VPC robust ambient and mechanical stability. Due to its mimicked dermis structure, the Ionogel-VPC exhibits a similar Young's modulus to human skin. Consequently, the multimodal sensing generated from the Ionogel-VPC, referred to as the I-skin, can sense a thermal stimulus, detect human movement, perform writing anticounterfeiting, track tactile trajectories, and detect complex underwater motion with high stability, reliability, and sensitivity. This study paves a new avenue for the construction of high-performance bionic I-skin.