Wound Healing Activity of Phyllanthin-rich Sub-fractions Ointment: Isolated from Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) Leaf in Experimental Rats Using Hydroxyproline as Biochemical Marker

Effective healing of skin injury involves complex simultaneous processes. Extracts of meniran(Phyllanthus niruri L.), a plant medicine found in almost all parts of Indonesia, have beenessential in traditional wound healing treatments. Phyllanthin is the major therapeutically activelignan present in Phyllanthus species. This study investigated the wound-healing activity. ofointments prepared from a phyllanthin-rich subfraction of meniran leaf in an animal model. Twoparameters were measured, namely, hydroxyproline concentration and wound healingpercentage. Hydroxyproline is a biochemical marker representing collagen production in woundhealing. Seventy-two rats were divided into four groups of 18, including a control group andthree groups administered 5, 10, and 15% phyllanthin-rich fraction ointment. Each of the fourgroups was subdivided according to the treatment duration of 5, 10, and 15 days. Thehydroxyproline concentration and wound healing percentage were analyzed by one-wayANOVA followed by Duncan's post-hoc test. The increase in hydroxyproline concentration andwound healing percentage showed that the effect of each ointment concentration wassignificantly different (p <0.05) compared to the control group. The optimal ointmentconcentration was 10%, with optimal results after 15 days. The study revealed that thephyllanthin-rich sub-fraction isolated from meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) had a wound healingactivity on Adult male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus).