Development trends and modern methods of designing lifting devices for fishing vessels

The current state of the fishing fleet of the Republic of Crimea is analyzed in the paper. The problems of its insufficiently effective use and low rate of development are shown. The reasons for this are largely the moral deterioration of ships, the main and auxiliary elements of their power plants and the irrational organization of the fleet technical operation system. The analysis makes it possible to identify the reasons for the low competitiveness of special fishing equipment in operation, which plays an important role in the management of aquatic life. The main reasons include the imperfection of calculation and design methods, the incompleteness of the regulatory framework for calculating operational loads, the lack of developed automated control systems and appropriate software that would adequately take into account the specifics of the fishing equipment operation. When creating new lifting equipment for a fishing vessel, it is necessary to apply a systematic design method in order to ensure the required indicators of power, load capacity, speed, energy performance, load stability, operational and environmental safety, as well as economic efficiency. Modern methods of designing machines and mechanisms involve the development of adequate mathematical models that reproduce their states in space and time under the influence of operational loads, taking into account internal and external factors. An algorithm for operational cost analysis using a mathematical model of a lifting device drive system is described in the paper. The design and modernization of fishing equipment using the proposed algorithm will ensure a balance between the operational and cost characteristics of the equipment, which is a prerequisite for the creation of modern competitive marine equipment.