A simple sinusoidal curve‐based one‐dimensional periodic leaky‐wave antenna for high‐gain continuous beam scanning

A novel technique is presented based on a sinusoidal curve‐shaped one‐dimensional periodic leaky‐wave antenna to eliminate open stopband (OSB) and enhance gain. The radiating stub is inspired by a sinusoidal curve showing zero phase constant at a single broadside frequency (9 GHz) and ripple‐free attenuation constant. The technique is first used on a unit cell with half‐cycle sinusoidal‐curved radiating stub to achieve uniform gain and OSB suppression. Subsequently, to further improve the gain, a unit cell with a full‐cycle sinusoidal‐curved radiating stub with an offset introduced at the centerline is applied. Finally, the full‐cycle sinusoidal stub is modified by introducing a pair of inclined “branching” half‐cycle sinusoidal stubs at an angle θ ° from the centerline to further enhance the gain. A 4.65 dB gain improvement is observed along with complete OSB elimination for the proposed design.