Comparative Analysis of the Modalities of Internal Fixation in Bimalleolar Ankle Fracture

Introduction: Ankle fractures are prevalent, constituting a signicant proportion of all fractures. Proper management is crucial to prevent longterm complications such as pain, instability, and arthritis. Surgical interventions aim to restore load-bearing capacity and stability. The increasing incidence of diabetes and its associated complications further stresses the need for effective treatment strategies. This study aimed to identify the optimal internal xation method for bimalleolar ankle fractures. Methodology: This comparative analytical study included 40 patients with fresh bimalleolar ankle fractures and divided them into groups based on the xation method: cannulated cancellous (CC) screws, tension band wiring (TBW), plate xation, and K-wire xation. Data were collected using a pre-designed Performa, and outcomes were assessed using the Baird and Jackson's Ankle Scoring System over a 6-month follow-up period. Results: No substantial difference was recorded in age and gender. Supercial infection was seen in 10% of CC screw and plate xation cases. Falls were most common in the CC screw group, while RTAs were prevalent in the TBW group. The most common fracture type was SER. Mean union time was the shortest for CC screws. Overall, postoperative outcomes were comparable across groups. Conclusion: The study highlights that despite variations in pain levels and complications among different xation methods, overall functional recovery and radiographic outcomes were comparable. These ndings emphasize the need for individualized treatment approaches, considering patient preferences and specic factors when selecting the xation modality for bimalleolar ankle fractures.