Wunderlich Syndrome - misdiagnosed mystery: Introduction and case report

Introduction: Wunderlich syndrome is a spontaneous, nontraumatic, and rare subcapsular perinephric hematoma.Since 2013, only about 280 cases have been reported.The main symptoms suggestive of this syndrome are flank or lumbar pain, flank mass, hypovolemic shock.Some patients also experience massive hematuria.Yet, not only the acute symptoms indicate the risks associated with this syndrome.Methodology: This case report was conducted by searching for current papers on PubMed and Google Scholar using the search phrases (Wunderlich Syndrome) AND (Angiomyolipoma) AND (Nephrectomy).After eliminating duplicates, we appraised all publications using the titles and abstracts.Following an exact revision of complete manuscripts, 25 articles met the inclusion criteria.The research took place in April 2024.The Aim: This work shows how serious complications can occur in people with Wunderlich syndrome and the diagnostic problems.Case Report: This work presents a 70year-old patient with low blood pressure and severe abdominal pain.Results: WS is characterized by flank or lumbar pain, flank mass, hypovolemic shock.The diagnosis is based on CT scans and intra-surgical evaluation.Conclusions: WS is a rare disease, causes symptoms of severe abdominal pain and internal bleeding.The key to correct diagnosis of the syndrome is imaging tests and surgical intervention.In this case, computed tomography scan and emergency nephrectomy were used to save the patient.