QCD bounds on the leading-order (LO) hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon [<a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:msubsup><a:mi>a</a:mi><a:mi>μ</a:mi><a:mrow><a:mi>HVP</a:mi><a:mo>,</a:mo><a:mi>LO</a:mi></a:mrow></a:msubsup></a:math>, <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><c:msub><c:mi>a</c:mi><c:mi>μ</c:mi></c:msub><c:mo>=</c:mo><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mo stretchy="false">(</c:mo><c:mi>g</c:mi><c:mo>−</c:mo><c:mn>2</c:mn><c:mo stretchy="false">)</c:mo></c:mrow><c:mi>μ</c:mi></c:msub><c:mo>/</c:mo><c:mn>2</c:mn></c:math>] are determined by imposing Hölder inequalities and related inequality constraints on systems of finite-energy QCD sum rules. This novel methodology is complementary to lattice QCD and data-driven approaches to determining <g:math xmlns:g="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><g:msubsup><g:mi>a</g:mi><g:mi>μ</g:mi><g:mrow><g:mi>HVP</g:mi><g:mo>,</g:mo><g:mi>LO</g:mi></g:mrow></g:msubsup></g:math>. For the light-quark (<i:math xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><i:mrow><i:mi>u</i:mi></i:mrow></i:math>, <k:math xmlns:k="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><k:mrow><k:mi>d</k:mi></k:mrow></k:math>, <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><m:mrow><m:mi>s</m:mi></m:mrow></m:math>) contributions up to five-loop order in perturbation theory in the chiral limit, LO in light-quark mass corrections, next-to-leading order in dimension-four QCD condensates, and to LO in dimension-six QCD condensates, we find that <o:math xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><o:mrow><o:mo stretchy="false">(</o:mo><o:mn>657.0</o:mn><o:mo>±</o:mo><o:mn>34.8</o:mn><o:mo stretchy="false">)</o:mo></o:mrow><o:mo>×</o:mo><o:msup><o:mn>10</o:mn><o:mrow><o:mo>−</o:mo><o:mn>10</o:mn></o:mrow></o:msup><o:mo>≤</o:mo><o:msubsup><o:mi>a</o:mi><o:mi>μ</o:mi><o:mrow><o:mi>HVP</o:mi><o:mo>,</o:mo><o:mi>LO</o:mi></o:mrow></o:msubsup><o:mo>≤</o:mo><o:mrow><o:mo stretchy="false">(</o:mo><o:mn>788.4</o:mn><o:mo>±</o:mo><o:mn>41.8</o:mn><o:mo stretchy="false">)</o:mo></o:mrow><o:mo>×</o:mo><o:msup><o:mn>10</o:mn><o:mrow><o:mo>−</o:mo><o:mn>10</o:mn></o:mrow></o:msup></o:math>, bridging the range between lattice QCD and data-driven values. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
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