Pathways to MPN presentation and time-to-diagnosis: results from a cross-sectional study

Background Early cancer recognition is key to improving patient outcomes. Diagnosis is often delayed in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) patients, putting them at risk of thromboembolic events and other complications pre-diagnosis. A clear understanding of the barriers to presentation and diagnosis is required. Aims To explore barriers and factors influencing delayed presentation and diagnosis of MPNs. Design & Setting A cross-sectional study of MPN patients within the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. Method An online cross-sectional survey of MPN patients. Symptoms and factors influencing patient and General Practitioner (GP) delay were examined. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were calculated to explore the relationship between these factors and patient/GP delay. Results Most (80.2%) of the 620 patients completing the survey reported symptomatic presentation. The most common symptoms associated with patient delay were pruritus (aOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.19–3.01), headaches (aOR 1.86, 95% CI 1.13–2.82) and concentration difficulties (aOR 1.75, 95% CI 1.12–2.76). Attributing symptoms to ageing (aOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.19–3.11) and not wanting to burden the GP (aOR 2.17 , 95% CI 1.35–3.50) were significantly associated with patient delay. Those reporting >3 blood cancer warning signs were more likely to experience GP delay than those experiencing fewer (aOR 3.26 , 95% CI 1.75–6.29), and lack of relational continuity of GP care was significantly associated with GP delay (aOR 3.41, 95% CI 1.65–7.28). Conclusion Debunking misconceptions around ageing, encouraging timely communication with GPs and improving relational continuity of GP care could assist in reducing diagnostic delays, prevent potentially fatal disease complications and ultimately improve MPN patient outcomes.