Analyzing the effectiveness of carbon capture and storage technology in reducing greenhouse gas emissions

This literature review discusses the performance of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies in mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG)-industrial source emissions, underscoring that remedial action needs to begin as quickly as possible to arrest climate change.The manuscript presents details on the salient CCS methods: post-combustion, pre-combustion, and oxyfuel combustion, because of their technological, economic, and environmental effects.It discusses separation processes of CO₂ by cryogenic distillation, membrane separation, adsorption, and transportation methods for CO₂ by pipelines and shipment.Thereafter, the review goes on to outline prospective uses of captured CO₂ in industry while considering the feasibility of geological storage in saline aquifers and nonmineable coal beds.The greatest strength of this review lies in the detailed comparison that it makes concerning CCS technologies, covering aspects such as efficiency, operational complexities, and financial implications.This paper synthesizes some of the very recent developments while bringing out positive and negative characteristics for each methodology, thereby making accessible insights into the optimization of CCS implementation.In an added layer of innovation, the paper brings in an analysis juxtaposing the environmental and economic trade-offs emerging from various CCS approaches to create a holistic view on the overall feasibility of these approaches.It further outlines the future steps towards effective CCS technologies, through technological advances, an enabling economic environment, supporting regulatory regimes, advanced monitoring technologies, and effective stakeholder engagement.It identifies critical gaps in existing research and presents strategic recommendations for policymakers and industry stakeholders toward continuing CCS innovation and improvement.This review is much based on detailed analysis and unique insights into how CCS is critical to global climate targets and that further research and development is needed to tweak its use.This review makes major contributions toward CCS and provides a very strong basis for further research and policy developments in mitigating climate change.