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Background: The demand for Senna alata Linn-based products is increasing due to their well-known therapeutic properties for treating various diseases, such as typhus, herpes, eczema, constipation, diarrhoea, gastroenteritis, and fungal skin diseases. Objective: This study aims to compare the total yield of the extract, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of S. alata leaves using various extraction methods. Method: Extractions were performed using conventional maceration, Soxhlet, and non-conventional Subcritical Carbon Dioxide Soxhlet (SCDS) methods. The antioxidant properties of the leaf extracts were determined by the DPPH radical scavenging activities. Results: Conventional methods yield higher percentages of extracts than SCDS, ranging from 1.20% to 25.14%. Soxhlet extraction with methanol showed the highest yields (25.14%) compared to hexane extraction (11.24%), indicating the solvent's influence on extraction efficiency. The effect of the sample-to-soaking solvent ratio on the extracted yield varied from 1.20 to 2.45% in the SCDS method. GCMS analysis showed the presence of 18 compounds, with phytol acetate, dihydroactinidiolide, and hexadecenoic acid methyl ester being the dominant ones. The DPPH assay shows that the extracts have in vitro antioxidant activity. The SCDS extract with methanol as a solvent had the highest IC50 value (0.693 ± 0.1725 mg/mL), while the extract with ethanol as a soaking solvent had the lowest (55.56 ± 2.29 mg/mL). Conclusion: Although traditional techniques produced greater extract percentages, the SCDS method demonstrated potential for maintaining the bioactive components of S. alata leaf extracts. Overall, this research highlights the potential of the SCDS as an alternative extraction technique to maintain the quality of bioactive compounds in plant extracts.
Ferdosh et al. (Mon,) studied this question.