Marx, Nietzsche e a dialética do estado em Henri Lefebvre

This study seeks to understand Henri Lefebvre’s theory of the State through a dialectical analysis of the theories of two of his main influences: Karl Marx and Friedrich Nietzsche. Through a literature review, the study aims to comprehend how both philosophers explain the public institution and how Lefebvre interprets their theories. It is understood that while Marx sees the origin of the State in materiality, Nietzsche sees it in the will to power. However, both thinkers understand the State as a limiting entity: for the development of social classes in Marx’s case, and for individual development and overcoming in Nietzsche’s. The analysis of Lefebvre’s State theory shows that he absorbed such contradiction, where the curbing of individual development is precisely the means used by the State to limit the development of a social class submissive to a dominant class.