Recent experimental advancements enabled the creation of various systems exhibiting superfluid behavior, with one notable achievement being the development of Dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (dBECs) characterized by long-range dipole-dipole interactions. When confined along one or more spatial dimensions, these condensates exhibit a low-dimensional dispersion relation reminiscent of superfluid liquid helium, featuring a roton minimum. This study investigates the existence of two-dimensional solitary waves characterized by topological defects (quantized vorticity) and their transition to vortex-free Jones-Roberts solitons. The explicit connection between solitary waves and roton excitations is demonstrated for the first time, providing support for Feynman's hypothesis regarding the nature of rotons as fading vortex excitations.
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Villois et al. (2024) studied this question.
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