Fungal infection frequency in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia patients treated with venetoclax plus azacitidine with or without antifungal prophylaxis

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Summary Our observational study analysed fungal infection frequency within cohorts with versus without antifungal prophylaxis (AFP) among newly diagnosed first‐line venetoclax and azacitidine (VEN + AZA)‐treated acute myeloid leukaemias in Czech, Austrian and Slovak haematology centres. Among 186 patients, 85 (46%) received antifungal prophylaxis, while 101 (54%) received no prophylaxis. Fungal infections occurred in 1/85 patients with prophylaxis (1%) and 5/101 patients without prophylaxis (5%) ( p = 0.222). No significant difference was recorded between cohorts with and without AFP in terms of death rate ( p = 0.296) and overall survival ( p = 0.844). In conclusion, most infections were not severe, developing during the first treatment‐cycle and did not affect patients' overall outcome.