Epidemiological and Cardiovascular Prognostic Profile of Pediatric Arterial Hypertension at the Hospital National Ignace Deen de Conakry (Guinea)

Introduction: The prevalence of hypertension in children is much lower, around 1 to 5%. Clinical signs are still marked by accidents revealing neurological, cardiac and renal damage. The aim was to determine the epidemiological profile and prognosis of pediatric hypertension at the Ignace Deen National Hospital. Materials and methods: This was a prospective descriptive study of children and adolescents admitted to the pediatric ward of the Ignace Deen National Hospital during the period March 1 to August 31, 2021. All those aged 1 to 15 years declared hypertensive with mean systolic or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 95th percentile were included in this study. Results: Out of a total of 464 patients, our study included 12 cases, representing a 2.52% incidence of arterial hypertension; the mean age of our patients was 8 years ±2 years; males predominated, with a sex ratio equal to 2; physical signs were marked by edema of the lower limbs (66.67%); Immediately threatening hypertension represented 41.67%; hypertensive retinopathy was found in 33.33% of patients; 16.67% of patients presented with LVH; 25%; renal complications were 25%; mortality was of the same order 25%. Conclusion: The complications of pediatric hypertension are a real public health problem, with a high morbidity and mortality rate.