Immune-related hemolytic anemia of cats - a modern approach to therapy

Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in cats (lat. anemia haemolytica) - is a condition in which the body's immune system attacks normal glycoprotein molecules on the surface of red blood cells, causing them to be destroyed in large numbers. This occurs due to a problem with the body's ability to distinguish between its own cells and foreign invaders. According to old publications, the mortality rate for this disease is close to 70%, but new research and increased awareness among veterinarians in recent years puts this figure down to 30-40%. Our research aims to review the current literature and provide information on treatment options based on current protocols. Treatment for autoimmune hemolytic anemia depends on the severity of the symptoms and any other infections that may be present. Typically, the treatment for blood parasites involves the use of immunosuppressive drugs, anticoagulants, antibiotics, and blood transfusions. When confirming the presence of parasites, doxycycline, an antibacterial medication, is prescribed at a dose of 10 mg/kg for an average of two weeks. In cases of secondary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia , symptomatic treatment may be used in conjunction with treatment for the underlying inflammation to reduce it. Despite the increasing number of cases of blood parasites, we still do not fully understand the exact mechanisms behind their development. However, with the development of standardized treatment protocols, increased awareness among veterinarians, and assistance from pet owners in providing information for diagnosis, we can reduce mortality rates and find new treatments for severe cases.