Evaluating the Methods Used in Managing and Monitoring a Diabetic Woman and Her Fetus During Pregnancy at Al-Zahrawi Hospital to Arrive at a Better Treatment Plan.

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the methods used in managing and monitoring a diabetic woman and her fetus during pregnancy in Al-Zahrawi Hospital in Damascus to arrive at a better treatment plan. Place of study: Syrian Arab Republic, Damascus, Al-Zahrawi Hospital. Study period: between 1-1-2018 and 1-1-2024. Type of study: Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Patients: The study included 128 pregnant women who were diagnosed with diabetes in the presence of high fasting blood sugar levels ≥ 95 mg/dL (5.33 mmol/L), who gave birth in Al-Zahrawi Hospital in Damascus. Results: 128 diabetic pregnant women were studied. The types of diabetes were distributed almost equally between the three types. Diabetes was controlled by diet (20.3%), or by giving insulin (70.3%), and 9.4% of them were reviewed at the time of delivery and remained without treatment. We found that obesity is a factor. A risk common to all patients: the optimal timing for terminating a pregnancy is between 38-40 weeks of gestation, and the perinatal mortality rate increases when the expected delivery date is exceeded, the caesarean section rate increases by 60.9%, in diabetic pregnancies, the perinatal morbidity and mortality rate increases (9.75%), due to an increase in The rate of fetal malformations is (31.25%) on the one hand, and due to macrosomia (21.3%), on the other hand, which is accompanied by functional immaturity that leads to disturbances in the adaptation of the newborn of a diabetic mother to life outside the uterine. Conclusion: Diabetic women must be provided with the information they need to achieve optimal blood sugar control results and enhance their ability to prevent diabetes during pregnancy.