Composite Materials in Organic Solar Cells - Enhancing Efficiency, Stability, and Versatility

The prominence of energy and environmental pollution issues has spurred cleaner alternative energy conversion technologies, among which organic solar cells (OSCs) attain extensive attention for their lightweight and flexible properties. However, the stability and photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of OSCs still lag the traditional inorganic solar cells. Notably, the active layers in OSCs predominantly consist of composite materials. This paper analyzes the principles underlying performance enhancement through composites in OSCs, assesses the impact of different composite categories on PCE and stability, and explores their unique role in enhancing the multifunctionality of OSCs. The findings confirm the importance of composites in improving OSC stability and PCE by leveraging the properties of multi-component materials and achieving a synergetic effect. Moreover, employing a ternary strategy in composite applications emerges as a promising method to simultaneously enhance PCE and stability, offering a valuable research direction for OSC development in the future.