Abstract This work aims to comprehensively study the optimal conditions for hydrothermal pretreatment for sugarcane bagasse (SCB), sugarcane straw (SCS), and energy cane (EC). Raw SCB, SCS, and EC were submitted to hydrothermal pretreatments in a reactor at temperatures ranging from 180 to 300 oC. Aliquots of the liquor were collected over time (0 to 180 minutes). Glucose, xylose, arabinose, furfural, hydroxymethyl furfural, and acids were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The solid materials, i.e., biomass and cellulignin, were characterized using X-ray diffraction, mid-infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Best pentose and furfural yields were obtained from SCB pretreatment, reaching 98.8 g kg⁻ ¹ and 30.6 g kg⁻ ¹ at 90 min and 180 ºC, respectively. SCS reached at 170 ºC and 165 min, 60.7 g kg⁻ ¹ and 24.7 g kg⁻ ¹ of pentoses and furfural, respectively. EC provided 50.6 and 28.5 g kg⁻ ¹ of pentose and furfural, respectively, at 180 ºC and 90 min. In general, the best results were obtained at 180 ºC and 75 minutes for pentoses and values above 190 ºC and 90 min for furfural. Hydrochar was observed above 230 ºC. SCB exhibited the highest release of acetic acid, resulting in a faster rate of pentose release.
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Gonçalves et al. (2024) studied this question.
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