Surgical Outcomes of Various Subtypes of Primary Congenital Glaucoma

Primary congenital glaucoma is considered the most common subtype of pediatric glaucoma which accounts for 50%-70% of the cases and for 0.01%–0.04% of the global blindness. According to the Childhood Glaucoma Research Network (CGRN) classification, PCG is further classified as neonatal subtype (0–1 month), infantile subtype (>1month-2years), and late onset (>2years). Aim to assess and compare the surgical consequences of the various subtypes of PCG. Methods The nature of the study was a prospective comparative interventional clinical study. Sixty eyes of patients diagnosed as primary congenital glaucoma were included in the study and subdivided into three groups as regarding the onset of the disease. Group 1 (neonatal onset) comprised of 11 eyes; group 2 (infantile onset) included 46 eyes & group 3 (late- onset) included 3 eyes. Results There was a difference between the neonatal group & the other 2 groups which was statistically significant as regarding pre-operative IOP (P-value= 0.005, 0.05) while there was no significant difference between infantile & late onset groups (P-value= 0.69). Similarly to the pre-operative ocular data, there was a considerable difference between neonatal group & the other 2 groups as regarding post-operative IOP (P-value= 0.002, 0.05) while there was no significant variation between infantile & late onset groups (P-value= 0.82). In addition, there was a considerable difference between infantile and late onset groups regarding C/D ratio (P-value= 0.05). Conclusion It can be concluded that a young age at presentation represents a significant prognostic factor that adversely affects the effectiveness of standard angle surgery.