The Impact of Irresponsible Pet Ownership on The Proliferation of Zoonoses: An Epidemiological Surveillance Problem

Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of irresponsible pet ownership on the proliferation of zoonoses, with the goal of proposing improvements to public policies and epidemiological surveillance practices. Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in theories of animal welfare and public health, highlighting scholars such as Peter Singer and Regan, who discuss animal rights and sentience. Additionally, relevant legislation such as Brazil's Environmental Crimes Law and Animal Protection Law are analyzed. Method: The methodology includes a literature review of current legislation and public policies on responsible pet ownership. The research also incorporates case studies illustrating the relationship between irresponsible pet ownership and zoonotic outbreaks. Results and Discussion: The findings reveal that irresponsible pet ownership significantly contributes to the spread of zoonoses. The discussion contextualizes these results within the theoretical framework, emphasizing the need for integrated public and animal health policies. Discrepancies between legislation and practical application are also examined. Research Implications: Practical implications include recommendations for educational campaigns on responsible pet ownership and the implementation of vaccination and birth control programs. Theoretically, the study underscores the importance of the interconnection between animal, environmental and human health. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by innovatively exploring the interface between responsible pet ownership and public health, offering practical reflections for improving epidemiological surveillance policies.