Integrative analysis of microbiome and metabolome revealed the effect of microbial inoculant on microbial community diversity and function in rhizospheric soil under tobacco monoculture

Over-application of chemical fertilizers and continuous cropping obstacles seriously restrict the sustainable development of tobacco production. Localized fertilization of beneficial microbes has potential advantages in achieving higher productivity, but the underlying biological mechanisms of interactions between rhizospheric microorganisms and the related metabolic cycle remain poorly characterized. Here, an integrative analysis of microbiomes with non-targeted metabolomics was performed on 30 soil samples of rhizosphere, root surrounding, and bulk soils from flue-cured tobacco under continuous and non-continuous monocropping systems. The analysis was conducted using UPLC-MS/MS platforms and high-throughput amplicon sequencing targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS gene. The microbial inoculant consisted of