Hot Deformation Behavior and Processing Maps of PM60 High-Speed Steel

The behavior of PM60 steel under hot compression was investigated across a temperature variation of 1223 to 1423 K and a strain rate variation of 0.001 to 10 s −1 . The Arrhenius constitutive model was developed by utilizing flow stress curves adjusted for friction and temperature, taking into account the influential factors of temperature and strain rate. To incorporate the effect of strain into the constitutive model, a sixth-order polynomial was utilized to model the relationship of the material constants and strain. The strain-compensated constitutive model was subsequently evaluated by the correlation coefficient ( R c ) and the average absolute relative error (AARE). The R c and AARE values were 0.9860 and 6.32%, respectively, indicating the high precision of the constitutive model for stress prediction. 3D hot processing maps of PM60 steel were constructed using the dynamic materials model (DMM) in accordance with Prasad’s instability criterion. Combined with microstructure analysis, the optimal processing zones are predicted to be within the ranges of 1323∼1373 K, 0.001∼0.01 s −1 and 1400∼1423 K, 1∼10 s −1 . Within the proposed domains, the maximum power dissipation efficiency attained a value of 46%.