Peanut Flour Influence on Sponge Cake Baking Properties

The purpose of research is to study the effect of peanut flour on the baking properties of sponge cake. Objectives: to study the chemical composition of peanut flour; to determine the optimal dosage of peanut flour for making biscuits; to investigate the physicochemical and organoleptic quality indicators of the resulting biscuit. The experience is presented in five options. The control variant was a biscuit prepared according to the classic recipe: wheat flour – 100 g, chicken egg – 2 pcs., white sugar – 100 g. Replacing wheat flour with peanut flour was presented in options 2–5 at a rate of 25; 50; 75; 100 % accordingly. When performing the work, we were guided by STB 549-94. To prepare the dough, all ingredients (accor-ding to the options) were weighed using electronic scales (1st accuracy class) GF-200 and whipped in a whipping machine. The resulting dough was placed in silicone molds and baked in a ShHL-065 SPU oven at a temperature of 190 °C for 20 minutes. The chemical composition of wheat and peanut flour, the effect of partial replacement of wheat flour with peanut flour (25, 50, 75 and 100 %) on the physicochemical parameters and organoleptic properties of the resulting products were studied. Peanut flour had a significant amount of protein and low carbohydrate content compared to wheat flour. Sponge cake weight, specific volume and crumb density decreased significantly with increasing peanut flour level. In a biscuit enriched with peanut flour, the acidity of the product increases. The results of a tasting assessment of the consumer properties of the resulting sponge cake made it possible to establish the priority of this product based on peanut-wheat flour with a peanut flour content of 50 %. The data obtained allow us to conclude that it is promising to use peanut flour in the production of sponge cake products in a proportion of up to 50 % of the share of wheat flour; this ratio allows improving the taste properties of the products, balancing them in terms of nutritional and biological value.