Wavelength-Dependent Multistate Programmability and Optoelectronic Logic-in-Memory Operation from the Narrow Bandgap pNDI-SVS Floating Gate

This study introduces wavelength-dependent multistate programmable optoelectronic logic-in-memory (OLIM) operation using a broadband photoresponsive pNDI-SVS floating gate. The distinct optical absorption of the relatively large bandgap DNTT channel (2.6 eV) and the narrow bandgap pNDI-SVS floating gate (1.37 eV) lead to varying light-induced charge carrier accumulation across different wavelengths. In the proposed OLIM device comprising the p-type pNDI-SVS-based optoelectronic memory (POEM) transistor and an IGZO n-type transistor, we achieve controllable output voltage signals by modulating the pull-up performance through optical wavelength and applied bias manipulation. Real-time OLIM operation yields four discernible output values. The device's high mechanical flexibility and seamless surface integration among the paper substrate, pNDI-SVS, parylene gate dielectric, and DNTT region render it compatible for integration into paper-based optoelectronics. Our flexible POEM device on name card substrates demonstrates stable operational performance, with minimal variation (8%) after 100 cycles of repeated memory operation, remaining reliable across various angle measurements.