Study of House Building Failures on Swamp Land: Identifying Causes and Solutions with a Combination of Wood and Concrete Materials

Introduction: House construction on swamp land, especially in Banjarmasin, Indonesia, faces unique challenges. Foundation failure due to unsuitable materials and poor design is a common cause of building collapse. This study examines specific failures associated with the combination of wood and concrete materials to improve construction practices and avoid future collapses.Research Objective: This research aims to identify the weaknesses of wood and concrete combination foundations by investigating structural damage signs in houses built on swamp land.Methods: Field observations and surveys were conducted at various construction sites in Banjarmasin. Collected data were analyzed descriptively to highlight foundation weaknesses and propose improvements.Results: Wood and concrete combination foundations often show signs of damage such as cracks in the concrete and wood subsidence. Weak construction elements limit bearing capacity, causing frequent structural failures.