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Large‐scale subsidence and associated adiabatic warming through compression allowed exceptionally mild air to reach western Scotland at low elevations on 28 January 2024. Marked foehn effects were then able to mix this air mass into the boundary layer across the Scottish Highlands, where an official observation from Achfary recorded a new UK January maximum temperature of 19.9°C. Observations and some numerical weather prediction data were used to assess the likely contributions of various foehn mechanisms to this event, with findings suggesting that mechanical mixing/turbulence most likely played the dominant role.
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Nicholas Silkstone (2024) studied this question.
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