Analysis of the Comparative Effect of Injection Timing Using Variations Pertamax and Ethanol Fuel on Torque, Power, and Efficiency on the Honda Matic 110CC Motorcycle

The study aims to determine the comparison of injection timing using fuel and ethanol variations on torque, power, and efficiency in 110Cc matic motorcycle.Experimental tests were carried out on a 110cc Matic engine with standard 110cc Matic injection timing and a 110cc Matic engine with modified injection timing. Both experimental tests used eltanol and Pertamax fuel. The fuel mixtures that will be tested include variations of 15%:85%, 30%:70%, 45%:55%, 60%:40%, 70%:30%, & 80%:20% (ratio of Ethanol: Pertamax).