Variance Estimation and Genotypic, Phenotypic Correlation and Broad Heritability Percentage in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

During the spring season of 2022, a field study was undertaken in one of the villages in the city of Ramadi, employing three genetic structures of cucumber: Marketmore 76, Ocucmmol (st), and Lahoba361034. The cultivars were introduced into a full diallel crossbreeding programme, yielding three reciprocal hybrid seeds and three reverse hybrid seeds, as well as the parent seeds (3 males + 6 hybrids). The study used a Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates to investigate phenotypic, genetic, and environmental variability, broad sense heritability, and genetic and phenotypic connections among the traits investigated. The results showed that the values of discrepancies differed between the studied qualities, and the values of genetic and phenomenal variation were greater than the values of environmental variation for most attributes and most of the qualities evaluated had the greatest broad sense heritability values. The genetic correlation was a high-morale positive between the plant’s quotient, the fruit length and the fruit weight. Plant yield, on the other hand, had a substantial negative genetic association with the nodes number before the first female flower. Plant yield correlated positively but not significantly with the number of first fruit holding, plant length, and leaf area. As for the phenotypic correlation the Plant yield was positively and strongly connected with fruit weight, but highly negatively and significantly correlated with the nodes number before the first female flower. Plant yield was likewise negatively and insignificantly linked with the sex ratio characteristic.