Functional groups and phytochemical characterization of traditional paddy cultivars through fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis

Characterizing and identifying the functional group of paddy cultivars are important features that determine the nutritional qualities of rice for human consumption.In the current study, traditional paddy cultivars were collected based on the preference for cultivation of Tamil Nadu paddy growers, and the functional group of each rice cultivar was investigated using the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique.Our work is confined to eleven traditional paddy cultivars of Oryza sativa L. (Arubatham kuruvai, Mappillai samba, Illupaipoo samba, Thanga samba, Poonkar, Thooyamalli, Sigappu kavuni, Kalabath, Kothamalli samba, Karrupu kavuni, and Karunkuruvai).Among the cultivars of O. sativa (Mapillai samba) recorded the presence of a higher level of functional groups denoting the presence of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic primary amides, alkyl monosubstituted, inorganic phosphate, and primary aliphatic alcohol.O. sativa (Mappillai samba, Poonkar, Thooyamalli, Sigappu kavuni, Kalabath, Kothamalli samba, and Karrupu kavuni) had the hydroxyl group (-OH) extended at 3643-3630 cm -1 (primary aliphatic alcohol).It is interesting to note that furan, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, was expressed in Kalabath in the 3000 cm -1 spectral band.According to the study, the selection of traditional rice cultivars with higher functional properties could benefit the farming community by boosting the health of consumers as well as enriching the farming economy.